Edmund a



(No Model.) I

E. A. DAVID & J. RATH.

BARREL 0R KEG. No. 503,580. A PatentedAug. 22, 1893.

Tlly. 1

IIIII UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND A. DAVID AND JOSEPH RATE, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNORS OFONE-THIRD TO JOSEPH P. MERRILL, OF SAME PLACE.

BARREL OR KEG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,580 dated August22, 1893.

Application filed November 5, 1892. Serial No. 451,029. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDMUND A. DAVID and JOSEPH BATH, citizens of theUnited States, residing at Columbus, in-the county of Frank lin andState of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inBarrels or Kegs, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to the improvement of barrels or kegs or similarreceptacles and has particular relation to casks designed to containmalt liquors.

The object of our invention is to construct an improved bung-hole with anipple therein and a surrounding cap therefor, the nipple projectingoutward from a metallic lining which is mounted within a wooden casin g,the

cap surrounding the nipple and fitting tightly within the openingthrough the casing.

Further objects will appear hereinafter in the specification describingsaid invention.

These objects we accomplish in the manner illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of one ofour improved barrels or casks and Fig. 2 is a central longitudinalsection of the same, shown on an enlarged scale.

Similarletters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

(1. represents the wooden staves of a keg which are of the usual bowedform and which are united by means of the usual hoops b.

1) represents the keg ends or heads which connect said staves near theirouter ends in the usual manner. The wooden keg or vessel thus formed isprovided as shown at c with an internal casing or lining formed of steelor other suitable metal. While this metal lining c has substantially theoutline of a keg,it will be observed that the bowed sides thereof whichare indicated at c are retained at a distance from the inner surface ofthe staves, thus resulting in a space 0 between said staves and themetal portion a. The ends of the metal casing or lining c are however,made to fit closely against and conform to the shape of the wooden headsI). The inner and outer sides of the metal lining c are enameled asshown at cl with a suitable enamel, porcelain, granite or other similarsubstance.

At .a suitable point in the center of the bulge of our improved cask, weprovide a bung-hole e, the latter passing through the staves andcommunicating with the interior of the cask through a similar opening inthe metal lining c.

e represents an externally threaded nipple, the inner flanged end ofwhich is riveted or otherwise secured as shown at e to the outer surfaceof the metallic plate 0 about the bung-hole opening therein. The tubularoutwardly projecting portion of the nipple 6' passes through thebung-hole opening of the stave and has screwed thereon the tubularinwardly projecting portion of a cap a said cap being provided on itsouter end with a flange or head a, which projecting laterally bearsagainst the outer surface of the staves and which has its inwardlyprojecting portion bearing against the end of the nipple 6. This cap isprovided with a central opening e which forms a continuation of thenipple opening. Before securing the cap 6 in place upon the nipple e, wepreferably encircle the inner end portion of the nipple adjacent to itsflanges with a suitable washer c preferably of leather. The outer faceof this cap is smooth and cylindrical and preferably of a size to fittightly within the opening in the wooden casing, by which means it isprevented frombecoming accidentally unscrewed from the nipple as will beclear.

In constructing a tap or outlet opening in one end of the barrel or kegwe provide an opening f within which is inserted from the interior ofthe cask, a nipple f having external threads on its tubular neck andhaving a flanged head portion f on itsinner end. The head of the innerflanged end of the nipplef is as shown, countersunk until flush with theinner surface of the cask.

g represents an internally threaded cappiece which correspondssubstantially with the cap 6 of the bung-hole, said cap g being screwedover the tubular outwardly extend ing portion of the nipple f, the outerface of this cap-piece being also smooth and cylin drieal and fittingtightly within the opening in the wooden casing for the same purpose fand the openings in which gradually in crease toward the outer end ofsaid nipple.

These washers are clamped as shown in the drawings, between the innerflanges of the cap 9 and nipple f,- and they serve when in place tofrictionally bind and hold the bung, or the spigot when the bung isremoved and the spigot inserted for tapping the cask.

As herein illustrated for the construction of a bung-hole, the surfaceof the bung-hole and tap opening may be enameled as prescribed for theinner surface of the metallic lining.

it represents short metallic straps which serve to connect theinnerpairof outer-hoops b, said straps passing under said hoops and having theirends bent outward and over the outer faces of the hoops, thus serving tocouple the same together and prevent any tendency of said hoops to moveoutward or down the incline of the staves. In order to prevent anytendency of the outer end hoops b from slipping over the staves, wecouple said outer end hoops through the medium of straps h, the turnedends of which pass beneath said hoops and engage with the outer edgesthereof, as shown.

From the construction herein shown and described,it will be observedthat a barrel or keg is produced by means of which the liquid containedtherein is brought in contact with the surface of material which will innowise aifect the chemical or other qualities of said liquid. It iswell-known that beer and kindred liquids have their qualities, taste,and freshness seriously impaired by contact with the wood of theordinary kegs or barrels, but the use of the enameled metallic liningherein shown and described will obviate any difficulties of thischaracter, owing to the factthat no chemical, or other injurious actiontakes place by the contact of the beer with the enamel.

In the construction of this keg, it will be seen that the space whichextends between the metal lining and the wooden staves and which isindicated by 0 in the drawings, will serve to cushion said liningagainst any jar or concussion rising from the rough handling of thebarrel or the contact of its staves with other hard surfaces. It willthus be observed that by this construction any crevices or openingsbetween the staves of the keg which may be caused by shrinkage orotherwise, will in nowise affect the contents of the barrel,inasmuch asthe latter will be inclosed in the metallic enameled lining and thatsaid lining forms in itself a complete inclosure.

Itis obvious that the metallic lining herein shown and described may beformed of two or more united sections.

It is. evident that the enamel covering of I theouter sidev of the metallining will serve to prevent any tendency of the metal to rust orcorrode through a leakage between the staves and that the metal portionsof our cask are completely protected by the enamel.

Having now fully described our invention,

what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters cured to said liningaround the hole and'projecting out said opening, and acap havinginterior threads for engaging those on the nipple, its exterior beingcylindrical and smooth and tightly fitting the opening in the casing, asand for the purpose set forth.

2. In a keg or barrel, the combinationwith ,the outer wooden casinghaving asuitable {opening in one end; of an inner metallic lining havinga bung-hole, a nipple passed out- .wardly through said hole and havingan enilarged flanged head at its inner end counterfsunk flush with theinner face of said lining, ithe tubular neck of the nipple beingextetriorly threaded and standingiwithin said opening, and a cap havinginterior threadsfor en- {gaging those on the nipple, its exterior beingjcylindrical and smooth and tightly fitting the iopening in the casing,as and for the purpose @set forth.

3. In a keg or barrel, the combination with ,the outer Wooden casinghaving a suitable opening in one end; of an inner metallic lining havinga bung-hole, a nipple passed outwardly through said hole and having aflanged head at its inner end countersunk flush with the inner face ofsaid lining, the flanges of ;the head projecting both inside and outsideof the tubular neck of the nipple and the latter being exteriorlythreaded and standing within said opening, a cap having interior threadsfor engaging those on the nipp1e,a flanged head at the outer end of thecap extending inward to a diameter smaller than that of the interior ofthe nipple, and a series of washers clamped between the inner flanges ofsaid heads and standing within the nipple, as and for the purpose setforth.

4. In a keg or barrel, the combination with the outer wooden casinghaving a suitable opening in one end; of an inner metallic lining havinga bung-hole, a nipple passed outwardly through said hole andhavingaflanged ,head at its inner end countersunk flush with the innerface of' said lining, the flanges of the head projecting both inside andoutside of the tubular neck of the nipple and the latter beingexteriorly threaded and standing ally increasing, in size toward theouter end of said nipple, as and for the purpose set forth. 1o

EDMUND A. DAVID. JOSEPH RATH.

In presence of C. O. SHEPHERD, O. E. BLUE.

